During World War II, Tunis was held by Axis forces from November 1942 to May 1943. The local climate is also affected somewhat by the latitude of the city, the moderating influence of the Mediterranean sea and the terrain of the hills. On 3 July 2018, the head of the Ennahdha list Souad Abderrahim was elected by the council as the new mayor of the capital. (mid-2011 estimates) Below is the area and population of each country. US Population table by year, historic, and current data. Both gunmen were killed by Tunisian police. If you live in a developed country, you probably started school at a very young age, where you learned to read and write.Unfortunately, not all nations have this luxury. Tunis has some of the most important libraries in Tunisia including the National Library of Tunisia which was first installed in 1924 in the Medina, in a building built in 1810 by Hammouda Bey to serve as barracks for troops and then a jail. Name Native Status Population Census 2004-04-28 Population Census 2014-04-23; Jemmal [Jammel] Welcome to the United Nations. [72] The Al Hamra theater was the second theater to be opened in Tunis, situated on El Jazira Road. Known as Tunis Sports City, it will expand around the lake of Tunis, on the road to La Marsa. Tourism also provides a significant portion of the city's income. In autumn, it begins to rain, often with short thunderstorms, which can sometimes cause flash floods or even flood some parts of the city. Contents: Population. (1984), 1994, 2004, 2014 census, (2019 estimate) All Communes. Source: Internet Live Stats (www.InternetLiveStats.com) Elaboration of data by International Telecommunication Union (ITU), World Bank, and United Nations Population Division. In addition, groundwater is easily accessible through the drilling of deep wells, providing water for the different agriculture crops. Housed in a former home of a Hafsid scholar, the library of the Khaldounia was founded in 1896 along with the creation of the educational institution. The Esperance Sportive de Tunis (EST), Club Africain (CA), and Stade Tunisien are the major sports clubs in the city. « Grand Prix historique de Tunis : un rendez-vous magique », Statistiques du sport en Tunisie (Ministère de la jeunesse, des sports et de l'éducation physique), "أخبار تونس: آخر الأخبار الوطنية والجهوية على راديو موزاييك", Coopération internationale (Municipalité de Tunis), "Acordos de Geminação, de Cooperação e/ou Amizade da Cidade de Lisboa", The Municipality of Tunis official website, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, An unrecognised or partially-recognised nation, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tunis&oldid=998877192, Mediterranean port cities and towns in Tunisia, Populated places established in the 2nd millennium BC, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with possible demonym list, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2013, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from August 2017, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles needing additional references from January 2009, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2006, Articles needing additional references from March 2015, Articles with Arabic-language sources (ar), Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Source 1: Institut National de la Météorologie (precipitation days/humidity/sun 1961–1990), This page was last edited on 7 January 2021, at 12:33. In the early 14th century, Hafsid Darba Abû al-Muhammad al-Mustansir Lihyânî ordered the construction of a second chamber including the Medina and two suburbs outside. The revised Tunisian Constitution of 2014 similarly provides that the National Assembly is to sit in Tunis (article 51) and that the Presidency is based there (article 73).[47]. The municipality of Tunis is divided into 15 municipal districts:[49] These include El Bab Bhar, Bab Souika, Cité El Khadra, Jelloud Jebel El Kabaria, El Menzah, El Ouardia, Ettahrir, Ezzouhour, Hraïria, Medina, El Omrane, El Omrane Higher Séjoumi, Sidi El-Bashir and Sidi Hassine. The Théâtre municipal de Tunis, opened on 20 November 1902, showcases opera, ballet, symphonic concerts, drama, etc. On the expenditure side, provision is made for the consolidation of hygiene and cleanliness, the state of the environment and urban design, infrastructure maintenance, rehabilitation and renovation of facilities, and strengthening the logistics and means of work and transport.[48]. On 7 May 1943, at about 15:30 in the afternoon, Tunis fell to troops of British 1st Army and the U.S. 1st Army, which had defeated the German 5th Panzer Army guarding the city. After 1591, the Ottoman governors (Beys) were relatively independent, and both piracy and trade continued to flourish. Tunis is the transcription of the Arabic name تونس which can be pronounced as "Tūnus", "Tūnas", or "Tūnis". Tunisia mostly relies on gas imports to meet its primary energy needs: almost 97% of its electricity generation came from gas in 2016. The governorates of Tunisia as well as all cities and communes with at least 20,000 inhabitants. [15][18] With the rise of the Zirid dynasty Tunis gained importance, but the Sunni population tolerated Shi'ite rule less and less, and carried out massacres against the Shi'ite community. The number of male is 5 472.4 thousands, forming 49.8% of the population. The Station ID for Tunis Carthage is 11515111. an increase of the active population from 57% to 64% in 2014Although, the average. Al Hamra was one of the most famous theaters in the capital during the 1930s and 1940s. - Keywords: demography, population pyramid, age pyramid, aging, retirement, Tunisia, 2004. It is the oldest public park in the country and is built in the landscape style common to France. Tunisia has a highly irregular ... (1,219 m) in elevation. Tunisia population density is 72.7 people per square kilometer (188.2/mi 2) as of January 2021. The notion of public space is ambiguous in the case of Medina where the streets are seen as an extension of the houses and subject to social tags. It grew from 27% of the total population in 1956, to 37% in 1975 and 50% in 2006. During the Almohad and Hafsid periods Tunis was one of the richest and grandest cities in the Islamic world, with a population of about 100,000. [52] The number of people living below the poverty line, falling at the national level, remains higher in urban areas. The Medina also has a social sectorization: with the neighborhood of Tourbet el Bey and the Kasbah district being aristocratic, with a population of judges and politicians, while the streets of Pacha often being military and bourgeois. Recorded history in Tunisia begins with the arrival of Phoenicians, who founded Carthage and other North African settlements in the 8th century B.C. Located in an old beylical palace (the palace of the Bey of Tunis since the end of the 18th century), the Bardo National Museum (Tunis) is the most important archaeological museum in the Maghreb, and has one of the richest Roman mosaic collections in the world. Tunis (Arabic: تونس Tūnis) is the capital and largest city of Tunisia. Urban population growth (annual %) Sources - Qu’est-ce qu’une pyramide des âges? Furthermore, along the boulevards, the contribution of the architectural period 1850–1950 can be felt in the buildings, such as the government buildings of the nine ministries and the headquarters of the municipality of Tunis. [75] The main conflicts and potentially destructive human behavior has been experienced in the city occurred relatively recently following the country's independence which it why it made into a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1979. Abu Yahya arrived on horseback, where all of his relatives joined him. The first animated film was shown in Tunis by the Lumiere brothers as early as 1896. [81] Patriarchate of Alexandria and All Africa, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Graduate School of Communications of Tunis, Higher Institute of Technological Studies in Communications of Tunis, List of twin towns and sister cities in Tunisia, European enclaves in North Africa before 1830, "Tunisia: Governorates, Major Cities, Communes & Urban Agglomerations", "The Neo-Punic Inscriptions and Coin Legends", "Carthage – 1960, Page 11 by B. H. Warmington. The area became the capital of a powerful kingdom during the Hafsid era, and was considered a religious and intellectual home and economic center for the Middle East, Africa and Europe. [31] Twenty civilians and one policeman were killed in the attack, while around 50 others were injured. The south of Tunis is made up of disadvantaged neighborhoods, especially due to the strong industry in this part of the metropolis. Some scholars relate it to the Phoenician goddess Tanith ('Tanit or Tanut), as many ancient cities were named after patron deities. The governor appointed by Béjaïa, having reestablished order in the country, did not hesitate to free himself from the Hammadids to found the Khurasanid dynasty with Tunis as its capital. Practicing the Maliki rite as the vast majority of Tunisia's Mosques. The Tunisian Symphony Orchestra, created in 1969 by the Minister of Culture, has also produced monthly concerts at the Municipal Theater and in various cultural spaces in the city. Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Dynamics. It represents, in the 2004 census, 9.9% of the total population of Tunisia. Tunis and its suburbs have many of the major Tunisian universities including the University of Tunis, Tunisia Private University, University of Ez-Zitouna, the University of Tunis – El Manar, the University of Carthage and the Manouba University. Kasserine, town in west-central Tunisia. After independence in 1956, Tunis consolidated its role as the capital, first with the establishment of a constitution stating that the Chamber of Deputies and the Presidency of the Republic must have their headquarters in Tunis and its suburbs. Overview Migration Activities Movement, Emergency and Post-crisis Migration Management Facilitating Migration Regulating Migration Migration and Development On 14 January 2011, following protests over high unemployment, corruption and widespread poverty, President Ben Ali dismissed the government and fled the country. Walls were built to protect the emerging principal town of the kingdom, surrounding the medina, the kasbah and the new suburbs of Tunis. There are also Christian churches and temples : Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tunis (Catholic Church), Protestant churches, Evangelical Churches.[62]. [73] After being closed for fifteen years, it was turned into a small theater in 1986, and since 2001 has housed the first Arab-African center for theater training and research. The Olympic stadium and village area was built to accommodate the Mediterranean Games in 1967. The new building contains a reading room, conference room, laboratories, an exhibition gallery, a block of technical and administrative services, a restaurant, a parking and green space areas. The terminal had 4.4 million passengers (35.98% of total airport traffic in the country) in 2006. [52] Tunis attracts foreign investors (33% of companies, 26% of investments and 27% of employment), excluding several areas due to economic imbalances. Tunis was one of the first towns in the region to fall under Carthaginian control, and in the centuries that followed Tunis was mentioned in the military histories associated with Carthage. If we add the mosques and oratories (about 200), the madrasahs (El Bachia, Slimania, El Achouria, Bir El Ahjar, Ennakhla, etc..), The zaouias (Mahrez Sidi Sidi Ali Azouz, Sidi Abdel Kader, etc.) It forms a natural bridge and since ancient times several major roads linking to Egypt and elsewhere in Tunisia have branched out from it. After the performance, the people returned to their homes.[20]. [63] The Sidi Mahrez Mosque is the largest mosque Hanafi mosque in terms of area but not the tallest. These include Jebel Jelloud, located in the south-east of Tunis, which concentrates on the heavy industry of cement production, the treatment plant of phosphate s, etc. The gaps created by their departure were filled by Tunisians who emigrated to Tunis from other parts of the country. Tunis is the heartland of the Tunisian economy and is the industrial and economic hub of the country, home to one third of Tunisian companies—including almost all the head offices of companies with more than fifty employees, with the exception of the Compagnie des Phosphates de Gafsa, headquartered in Gafsa—and produces a third of the national gross domestic product. The city lies on a similar latitude as the southernmost points of Europe. Founded in 1964, much of the festival is held in an old amphitheater of Carthage (with a capacity of 7,500 seats), and hosts the performances of singers, musicians, actors, dancers and films on display on outdoor screens. The National Military Museum, opened in 1989 in the suburbs west of the city, holds a collection of 23,000 weapons, 13,000 of which date back to the 19th century, and some of which were used by the Tunisian troops during the Crimean War. However, energy policy puts the emphasis on renewable energy. ", J. Gordon Melton, Martin Baumann, ‘‘Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices’’, ABC-CLIO, USA, 2010, p. 2898. So an annual average increase is estimated to 1.03% relative to the population in 2004 (9 910.9 miles residents). annual growth rate has decreased from 1.8% in 1990-1995 to 0.8% in 2010 2014.Despite the decrease of the share of - the rural population from 40.4% to 32.8% in the same period, the rural population increased from 3.3 to 3.6 million in the same period. In 2017, Tunisia’s population was estimated at 11.53 million, according to UN data, with an almost equal split between males (49.40 per cent) and females (50.60 per cent), or 97.6 males for every 100 females.. Defined as died within 30 days of crash. As for El Bab Bhar, it allowed access to some funduqs where Christian merchants lived in Tunis. Largest Cities in Tunisia CITY NAME During this period, one of the famous travellers to Tunis was Ibn Battuta. From the early days of its founding, Tunis has been considered an important military base. [14] In the system of Roman roads for the Roman province of Africa, Tunis had the title of mutatio ("way station, resting place"). Before 2011, unlike other mayors in Tunisia, the mayor of Tunis is appointed by decree of the President of the Republic from among the members of the City Council. It therefore has the highest concentration of students in Tunisia, with a student population of 75,597 as of 2006[update].[77]. Tunis, capital and largest city of Tunisia, on the northern African coast, between the western and eastern basins of the Mediterranean Sea. [14] Tunis, increasingly Romanized, was also eventually Christianized and became the seat of a bishop. Region : Northern Africa: Population (000, 2020) 11 819: Pop. In addition, a series of satellite cities emerged on the urban rim and encroached on the municipality of Tunis proper. So an annual average increase is estimated to 1.03% relative to the population in 2004 (9 910.9 miles residents). The largest Park, Belvédère Park, was founded in 1892 overlooks Lake Tunis. En 1870 un autre propose celui de 1 mil-lion et demi (3). The city of Tunis is built on a hill slope down to the lake of Tunis. It still hosts the main ceremonies marking the dates on the Muslim calendar and is regularly attended by the president. [63], The presence of modern churches in Tunis are also testimony to the French presence for half a century. [53] The urban unemployment rate of university graduates is increasing and the illiteracy rate remains high among the elderly (27% of women and 12% of men). TUNISIA However, studies were undertaken in the 1930s with the arrival of the first anthropologists who found that the space of the Medina is not random: the houses are based on a socio-cultural code according to the types of complex human relations. This gives a total population for the UK from 1851 onwards, quinary (5 year) age breakdown from 1953 - 1970 and a single year of age breakdown from 1971 to the most recent data available (2015). According to Strabo, it was destroyed by the Romans in 146 BC during the Third Punic War. 6- La capitale connaît le plus important flux migratoire, puisqu’elle concentre 20% de la population totale, pour seulement 2% de la superficie totale du pays. This went on for a while until one of the pilgrims realized he was upset, he went up and greeted and talked to Ibn until he entered the city. [18] In 1048 the Zirid ruler Al-Muizz ibn Badis rejected his city's obedience to the Fatimids and re-established Sunni rites throughout all of Ifriqiya. Tunis is served by the Tunis-Carthage International Airport. [90] In 2008, the government announced the start of construction of a large sports complex that will include several sports academies, a 20,000-seat stadium, and a swimming centre. On both sides of the tree lines avenue, north and south, the city was extended in various districts, with the northern end welcoming residential and business districts while the south receives industrial districts and poorer peoples. In a very short time, the colonial city transformed rapidly. La démographie de la Tunisie se caractérise par l'uniformité de la population en matière de composantes culturelles ou religieuses. Still further north of the Belvedere Park, behind the Boulevard of 7 November are the neighborhoods of El Menzah and El Manar now reaching the peaks of the hills overlooking the north of the town. Different explanations exist for the origin of the name Tunis. Following these conflicts, the city finally fell into Ottoman hands in August 1574. [85] The capital is home to approximately 40% of the cars in Tunisia, with 700,000 cars on average used in the city per day. A regional gymnastics competition was held in Tunis in 1912 with the participation of thousands of French gymnasts. [71] The National Theatre of Tunisia is an important public enterprise in Tunis,[72] and since 1988 been located in the Khaznadar palace (dating from the middle of the 19th century and situated in the Halfaouine quarter), renamed "Theater Palace." Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. The education level is only exceeded by the neighbouring governorate of Ariana which has many institutions of education. In April 1655 the English admiral Robert Blake was sent to the Mediterranean to extract compensation from states that had been attacking English shipping. The A1 motorway connects Tunis with Sfax to the south, and the A3 with Oued Zarga and Béja to the west, while the A4 is the link with Bizerte. As in the rest of Tunisia, a very large majority of the population of Tunis (around 99%) is Sunni Muslim. According to the first results of the census, the number of residents in Tunisia in 2014 is 10 982.8 thousand people. Today, each district has its culture and rivalries can be strong. Chokri Gharbi, La métamorphose d'une capitale au cœur de la Méditerranée. [23] Under the reign of Hussein Bey II, naval defeats by the British (1826) and French (1827) saw the French become increasingly active in the city and in the economy.[24]. Tunisia looks like many nations around the world with a young population, growing economy, ... (2004) find evidence that CO2 emissions and national income are negatively related at … It represents, in the 2004 census, 9.9% of the total population of Tunisia. A total of 285 unrelated subjects, 190 of whom had beta-thal major, 72 with Hb S/beta-thal, one with Hb C/beta-thal, one with Hb O- … Lire la suite. Mongi Gharbi, « Trombes d'eau sur Tunis et certains gouvernorats du pays », "Les normales climatiques en Tunisie entre 1981 2010", "Réseau des stations météorologiques synoptiques de la Tunisie", "Tunis-Carthage Climate Normals 1961–1990", Constitution de la République tunisienne (Jurisite Tunisie), http://www.legislation.tn/sites/default/files/news/constitution-b-a-t.pdf, Budget de la municipalité de Tunis pour l'année 2008 (Municipalité de Tunis), Arrondissements municipaux (Municipalité de Tunis), Population, répartition proportionnelle et taux d'accroissement par gouvernorat (Institut national de la statistique), Stratégie de développement de la ville de Tunis (Municipalité de Tunis), Fiche de présentation de la médina (Association de sauvegarde de la médina de Tunis), Entretien avec Jamila Binous sur la médina de Tunis (TV5), Promenade de Marie-Ange Nardi et Lotfi Bahri dans les souks de Tunis (TV5), "Contextuality, Contextualization, and the New Christians of Tunis", "Saudi Aramco World : The Musical Pulse of Tunisia", Musique et conservatoires (Municipalité de Tunis), "The Cultural Importance Of The Tunisian Carthage Film Festival", "The Carthage Film Festival celebrates its 50th birthday", Statistiques officielles (Ministère de l'éducation nationale), Chokri Ben Nessir, « Une véritable requalification routière ». After World War II, suburbs began to rapidly spring up on the outskirts of Tunis. The soils are heavy and contain limestone in the north but are lighter and sandy containing clay in the south. The final column shows the female prison population rate per 100,000 of the national population. contribué à l'estimation de la population de la Tunisie. As the capital of the country, Tunis is the focus of Tunisian political and administrative life and also the centre of the country's commercial and cultural activities. During this period, the city prospered as a centre of commerce. Judaism, meanwhile, enjoys a long tradition of presence in the city despite the emigration of a large part of the community after independence. Depuis son accession à l'indépendance en 1956, la Tunisie a réalisé cinq recensements de population (1966, 1975, 1984, 1994 et 2004). Also to the north is the long Avenue Mohamed V, which leads to the Boulevard of 7 November through the neighborhood of the big banks where there are hotels and Abu Nawas Lake and finally to the Belvedere area around the place Pasteur. Situated on a large Mediterranean Sea gulf (the Gulf of Tunis), behind the Lake of Tunis and the port of La Goulette (Ḥalq il-Wād), the city extends along the coastal plain and the hills that surround it. Other indicators visualized on maps: (In English only, for now) Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) The roads also connect with Carthage, emphasising its political and economic importance not only in Tunisia but more widely in North Africa and the Mediterranean Sea in ancient times. majorité des Tunisiens résidaient dans les zones urbaines en 2004 soit, 65% contre 61% en 1994. The Arab League, which represents 22 Arab nations, transferred its headquarters to Tunis in 1979 because of Egypt's peace with Israel but has been headquartered back in Egypt since 1990. Bab El Bhar located 7 metres (23 feet) above sea level, Hammouda Pasha Mosque in El Kasbah is located 23 metres (75 feet) above sea level. North of the Al-Zaytuna Mosque is the Souk El Attarine, built in the early 18th century. La Tunisie compte 10 millions 982 mille 754 habitants y compris les étrangers, résidant en Tunisie durant une période de 6 mois au minimum, contre 9 millions 910 mille 900 habitants en 2004, selon le recensement général de la population et de l’habitat de 2014. South-east of the Avenue Bourguiba the district of La Petite Sicile (Little Sicily) is adjacent to the old port area and takes its name from its original population of workers from Italy. Gulf finance house or GFH has invested $10 billion in order for the construction of tunis financial harbor, that will transform Tunisia as the gateway to Africa from Europe. [28] The main company that operates it is one of the oldest in the country and they are generally descendants of Andalusian immigrants expelled from Spain. Revenues are generated by the proceeds of taxes on buildings and vacant lots, fees for the rental of municipal property, income from the operation of the public, advertising, and that the fact that the municipality has capital shares in some companies. Film producers and cinema have long been present in the city of Tunis. Only the Bey of Tunis refused to comply, with the result that Blake's fifteen ships attacked the Bey's arsenal at Porto Farina (Ghar el Melh), destroying nine Algerian ships and two shore batteries, the first time in naval warfare that shore batteries had been eliminated without landing men ashore. Built by the Hafsid dynasty in the 15th century, the name Bardo comes from the Spanish word "prado" meaning a garden. The concept of ownership is low however and souks often spill out onto public roads. Le RGPH est la plus grande opération statistique organisée par l’INS Lire la suite. Charles, suffering losses from the corsairs operating out of Djerba, Tunis, and Algiers, agreed to reinstate Mulai Hassan in exchange for his acceptance of Spanish suzerainty. The 2019 population density in Tunisia is 75 people per Km 2 (195 people per mi 2), calculated on a total land area of 155,360 Km2 (59,985 sq. Sea breezes may mitigate the heat, but sometimes the sirocco winds reverse the trend. These form a large percentage of the population of the Tunis metropolitan area. In 1905 the Muslim Association of Tunisia brought together students from Lycée Alaoui and Sadiki College to organize gymnastics. In 1964 the Dar Ben Abdallah, a palace probably dating back to the 18th century, became the seat of the capital's Museum of Arts and Popular Traditions. Current US Population is 330.66 million. and Tourbet El Fellari, Tourbet Aziza Othman and Tourbet El Bey the number of monuments in Tunis approaches 600. Some of the fortifications around it have now largely disappeared, and it is flanked by the two suburbs of Bab Souika to the north and Bab El Jazira to the south. Modern Tunisians are the descendants of indigenous Berbers and of people from numerous civilizations that have invaded, migrated to, and been assimilated into the population over the millennia. At the same time, driven by the reconquest of Spain, the first Andalusian Muslims and Jews arrived in Tunis and would become of importance to the economic prosperity of the Hafsid capital and the development of its intellectual life.[15].
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